Ammonium hydroxide, commonly known as ammonia solution, is a solution of ammonia (NH₃) in water. It is widely used in various industries due to its effective cleaning, bleaching, and antimicrobial properties.
Specifications of Ammonium Hydroxide
- Chemical Formula: NH₄OH
- Ammonia Content: Typically 10-35% by weight
- Molecular Weight: 35.05 g/mol
- Density: Varies with concentration (approximately 0.91 kg/L for 25% solution)
- pH: Highly alkaline, typically around 11.6 to 12.0
- Boiling Point: 24.7°C for 25% solution
- Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid with a pungent odor
Benefits of Ammonium Hydroxide
- Effective Cleaning Agent: Excellent at cutting through grease, grime, and stains.
- Disinfectant Properties: Strong antimicrobial properties, making it effective for sanitation.
- pH Adjustment: Used to regulate pH levels in various chemical processes.
- Cost-Effective: Economical compared to other cleaning and disinfecting agents.
Usage of Ammonium Hydroxide
- Cleaning and Sanitizing:
- Used in industrial cleaners for surfaces, glass, and bathrooms.
- Employed in food processing plants for sanitation purposes.
- Chemical Manufacturing:
- Used in the production of fertilizers, plastics, and rubber.
- Serves as a precursor in the synthesis of various organic and inorganic chemicals.
- Water Treatment:
- Used to adjust pH levels in municipal and industrial water treatment facilities.
- Used to adjust pH levels in municipal and industrial water treatment facilities.
- Textiles and Dyeing:
- Used in the textile industry for dyeing and bleaching processes.
Safety Considerations
Ammonium hydroxide is a hazardous substance and must be handled with care. Key safety considerations include:
- Protective Equipment: Always wear appropriate protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and face protection, when handling ammonium hydroxide.
- Storage: Store in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and direct sunlight. Containers should be tightly sealed to prevent leaks and evaporation.
- Handling: Ensure proper ventilation in areas where ammonium hydroxide is used. Avoid inhaling fumes and ensure it does not come into contact with skin or eyes.
- Emergency Measures: Have emergency eyewash stations and safety showers available in case of accidental exposure. Be familiar with first aid procedures for chemical exposure.
Packaging of Ammonium Hydroxide
Ammonium hydroxide is available in various packaging options to suit different needs and quantities. Common packaging options include:
Carboys:
- Capacity: Typically 20 to 50 liters. Ammonium Hydroxide is usually sold by the Kg from 30 kgs to 50 Kgs in every carboy
- Usage: Suitable for medium-scale industrial use and agricultural applications.
- Material: Durable, chemical-resistant plastic with secure sealing.
Drums:
- Capacity: Typically 200 liters. Ammonium Hydroxide is usually sold by the Kg from 180 kgs to 190 Kgs in every drum
- Usage: Ideal for large-scale industrial applications.
- Material: Made of chemical-resistant materials like HDPE or steel with corrosion-resistant lining.
IBC Containers:
- Capacity: Usually 1000 liters. Ammonium Hydroxide is usually in sold by the Kg upto 1000 kgs in every IBC Container
- Usage: Used for bulk storage and transportation in industrial settings.
- Material: Durable plastic or metal with reinforced frames.
Tankers:
- Capacity: Can vary significantly, with capacities ranging from 10 Tons to 15 Metric Tons.
- Usage: Used for large-scale industrial applications and transportation over long distances.
- Material: Made of high-grade steel, equipped with advanced safety features.
Prices of Ammonium Hydroxide
The price of ammonium hydroxide varies based on factors such as concentration, quantity, supplier, and market demand.
Prices are also subject to change based on global market conditions, production costs, and supply chain factors. For the most accurate and up-to-date pricing, it is advisable to contact suppliers directly.
Key Differences Between Ammonium Hydroxide and Liquid Ammonia
| Feature | Ammonium Hydroxide (NH₄OH) | Liquid Ammonia (NH₃) |
| Composition | Aqueous solution of ammonia in water | Pure ammonia in liquid form |
| Chemical Formula | NH₄OH | NH₃ |
| State | Liquid (aqueous solution) | Liquid (under pressure or at low temperature) |
| Ammonia Content | Typically 10-35% by weight | 100% pure ammonia |
| Usage | Cleaning, chemical manufacturing, water treatment | Refrigerant, fertilizer production, chemical precursor |
| Safety | Hazardous but generally safer than liquid ammonia | Extremely hazardous, with severe risks of burns and inhalation |
| Applications | pH adjustment, sanitation, dyeing | Industrial refrigeration, agricultural fertilizers |
| Boiling Point | 24.7°C (for 25% solution) | -33.34°C |
| Density | Approximately 0.91 kg/L (for 25% solution) | 0.73 kg/m³ (gas), 681 kg/m³ (liquid) |
| Odor | Pungent | Sharp, suffocating odor |
Conclusion
Ammonium hydroxide is a versatile and cost-effective solution widely used in various industrial applications, from cleaning to chemical manufacturing. Its effective cleaning, disinfecting properties, and ability to adjust pH levels make it an invaluable resource. However, it must be handled with care due to its hazardous nature. Understanding its specifications, benefits, uses, safety measures, packaging options, prices, and key differences compared to liquid ammonia is crucial for safe and effective application. For more detailed information and to purchase ammonium hydroxide, it is recommended to reach out to reputable suppliers who can provide quality products and expert guidance.
